Formal Education
Pre-School (0-6) Kindergarten
In Turkey, preschool education, which is optional and considered an adjunct to the public education system rather than an integral part of it, includes the education of children in the 3-5 years of age group. Preschool education is given in kindergartens, preparatory classrooms, application classrooms, day nurseries, nursery schools, day-care homes, and child care homes by various ministries and institutions, but mostly by the Ministry of National Education.
The children can benefit from these institutions on a full or half day basis. Families pay a certain amount to have their children benefit from preschool education. Most kindergartens are privately operated and some are attached to the state primary schools. They are concentrated in the larger towns and cities, where they meet a need arising from the rapidly increasing number of working mothers.
The goal of preschool education is to help children develop physically, mentally and individually, and develop their ability to use language and prepare them for primary school.
Primary school (6-14), Public School, Private Schools, Special Education Schools
8 years of primary education is compulsory for every child and begins as soon as they reach the age of six and includes the education and training of children in the 6-14 years of age group. Uninterrupted education is carried out in these schools and the students who graduate are given a primary education diploma. The fact that primary education is compulsory for all male and female citizens and it is free of charge in the State schools is guaranteed in the Constitution, Basic Law for National Education and the Law for Primary Education and Training.
Furthermore, besides the State schools, there are also many private primary education schools providing students educational services in return for a tuition fee. In State schools students dress similarly in a type of uniform. Children who fail to reach the required standard at the end of any year may repeat it.
The objective of primary education is to provide children with the required basic knowledge, ability, behavior and habits for them to become good citizens and to prepare them for life and further education according to their interests and abilities. Furthermore, in the second semester of the final year of primary education the students are informed by counselor of the subjects of the schools, high schools and various choices of occupation.
High schools (14-18)
The objective of high school education is to provide the students with a common general culture, to prepare them to take responsibility within the democratic society, to make them
ful of human rights and to prepare them for higher education or business life in the direction of their interests, abilities and capabilities with a consciousness for contributing to the socioeconomic and cultural development of the country,
General High schools
Highschools are mostly owned by the government and provide free educational opportunities. Graduates of these high schools can attend universities after the university entrance examination. The centralized examination is administrated by the Supreme Council of Higher Education. It is used to determine which candidates are eligible for enrollment in which university and faculty. Additionally, students are evaluated based on the grades of related subjects, their high school results and their preferences according to the student capacity of each faculty.
ОТСЮДА)